副词是指在句子中表达行为或状态特征的词。用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词和整句话，表达时间、地点、程度和方式等概念。 1.副词的句法功能 (1)作状语 The accident happened chiefly because you were careless. (2)作表语 Positive ideas are everywhere.. (3)作补足语 Only struggle can help us out. 2.副词的排列顺序 方式副词—-地点副词——时间副词 She sang beautifully in the hall lastnight. 形容词，副词的比较等级及其用法 1、形容词和副词的原级比较 She is as beautiful as Mary. He works as hard as she. He is not as tall as I. He doesn’t work so hard as she. 2、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则 一般单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est； (1)．单音节词如： small→smaller→smallestshort→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallestgreat→greater→greatest 双音节词如： clever→cleverer→cleverestnarrow→narrower→narrowest (2)．以不发音e结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st； large→larger→largestnice→nicer→nicestable→abler→ablest (3)．在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；如： big→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottestfat→fatter→fattest (4)．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；如： easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiesthappy→happier→happiest (5)．其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most；如： beautiful→morebeautiful→mostbeautiful different→moredifferent→mostdifferent easily→moreeasily→mosteasily （1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the，副词最高级前可不用.例句：The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. （2）形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示”非常”. It is a most important problem. (6)．有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记； good→better→bestwell→better→best bad→worse→worstill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→mostlittle→less→least far→further/farther→furthest/farthest 3、形容词，副词的比较级用法 Wisdom is more precious than wealth. Imagination is more important than knowledge. 4、形容词，副词的最高级用法 This is the best picture in the hall. He is the oldest in the class. He works the hardest amongus.